Who identified four different approaches to multicultural education?

The identification of four different approaches to multicultural education is attributed to James A. Banks, a prominent scholar in the field of education. Banks developed a framework that categorizes multicultural education into four approaches: the contributions approach, the additive approach, the transformative approach, and the social action approach. Each of these approaches offers different strategies for integrating multicultural perspectives into the curriculum and emphasizes the importance of including diverse cultural viewpoints in educational settings.

Understanding Banks' work is crucial for educators because it provides a structured way to enhance inclusivity and acknowledge diverse cultural backgrounds in the classroom. His contributions highlight how multicultural education is not merely about adding content but transforming the educational experience to promote a deeper understanding of cultural diversity, equity, and social justice.