What is defined as symbols and patterns of behavior that develop among a specific group within a larger culture?

The correct answer is "subculture," which refers to a distinct set of values, beliefs, and behaviors that develop within a specific group that is part of a larger culture. Subcultures share some of the overall culture's norms but also possess their own unique features that differentiate them from the mainstream. This can include distinct languages, practices, or lifestyle choices that set them apart.

Subcultures often form around shared interests, beliefs, or identities, such as youth culture, ethnic groups, or social movements, allowing members to express themselves and create a sense of community within the larger societal framework.

In contrast, dominant culture represents the mainstream cultural values and practices that are widely accepted and practiced by the majority of society. Culture shock describes the disorientation a person experiences when confronted with a new and unfamiliar culture, often filled with confusion and anxiety. Counterculture, meanwhile, actively rejects and opposes the dominant cultural norms, seeking to create an alternative lifestyle rather than simply existing alongside it.